If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Henry IV (French: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithet Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. Henry IV - Henry IV - The achievements of the reign. Finally, on the advice of his long time mistress Gabrielle d'Estrées Henry III of Navarre decided to reconvert to Catholicism. King Henry IV of France was finally assassinated on May 14, 1610 by a fanatic called François Ravaillac. By the end of his reign in 1610 he had pacified his warring country, Ultimately, he had to use military power to occupy the throne. Henry of Navarre acted boldly, defeating the army of Henry III in the crucial Battle of Coutras on Oct 20, 1587. Henry IV of France King of France. Henry IV of France Net Worth, Biography, Age, Height, Dating, Relationship Records, Salary, Income, Cars, Lifestyles & many more details have been updated below. All henry iv of france artwork ships within 48 hours and includes a 30-day money-back guarantee. Why Famous: Henry IV was the first of the French Bourbon Kings, succeeding his cousin Henry III, the last of the Valois line in 1589. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. Vincent J. Pitts chronicles the life and times of one of France’s most remarkable kings in the first English-language biography of Henri IV to be published in twenty-five years. Under him France enjoyed relative prosperity and his concern for the financial state of the pheasants was highly appreciated. King Henry IV of France. However, the couple mostly lived apart and did not have any issue. Henry IV Of France. Olivier de Serres Henri IV Le Théatre d'Agriculture et Mesnage des champs, 1605.jpg 512 × 752; 63 KB Portrait d'Henri IV en habits de sacre par Thomas de Leu 2.png 247 × 332; 193 KB Henry IV’s ascendancy to the throne of France was mired with controversy. As King Henry III of Navarre, he had married Margaret of Valois, the daughter of King Henri II of France, on August 18, 1572. Henry III of France did not have any other option but to accept him as his successor. He ended the Wars of Religion in 1598 when he signed the On the other hand, Henry of Navarre was the next agnatic descendant of King Louis IX. By 1597, he had captured Amien. Henri IV (December 13, 1553 – May 14, 1610), also known by the epithet Good King Henri or Henri the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henri III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. Henry IV (13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), Henri-Quatre, was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. Moreover, he was confined to the French Court until 1576 and then escaped. Henry distinguished himself and the experience forged a soldierly spirit within him. However, because Henri III of Navarre was a Protestant, the Catholic nobles of the French court refused accept him as their king. Henry IV of France synonyms, Henry IV of France pronunciation, Henry IV of France translation, English dictionary definition of Henry IV of France. She was also a staunch advocate for women's rights. His other nicknames were ‘Henri le Grand’ and ‘Le Bon Roi Henri’. Around that time, Henry also issued the Edict of Nantes, which confirmed Roman Catholicism as the state religion but granted religious freedom to Protestants. Henry became King Henry IV, but it would take a nine-year siege of Paris to secure his crown from the influence of the Holy League and Spanish interference. Henry IV granted religious freedom to Protestants by issuing the Edict of Nantes during his reign as king of France, from 1589 to 1610. Edward VIII became king of the United Kingdom following the death of his father, George V, but ruled for less than a year. He specially distinguished himself on June 26 at the Battle of Arnay-le-duc. On May 2, 1598 the Peace of Vervins was reached between France and Spain. Henri’s marriage to Margaret of Valois took place on August 18, 1572. Vincent J. Pitts chronicles the life and times of one of France’s most remarkable kings in the first English-language biography of Henri IV to be published in twenty-five years. The Edict of Paulette, declared in 1604, helped him to eliminate national debt and create a reserve. Louis XIII was born on September 27, 1601 at Château de Fontainebleau to King Henry IV of France and his second queen Marie de' Medici. Louis XVI was the last king of France (1774–92) in the line of Bourbon monarchs preceding the French Revolution of 1789. Henry was born in Pau in the Kingdom of Navarre, which is in modern-day France. Write a review. He signed a number of treaties with foreign powers and sent emissaries to Far East and India. The situation brought about the War of the Three Henrys, pitting Henry against King Henry III of France and the staunchly Catholic Henry, Duke of Guise. Henry IV granted religious freedom to Protestants by issuing the Edict of Nantes during his reign as king of France, from 1589 to 1610. Consequently, Louis became the Dauphin of France at birth. She had three children by him. Both of them would have undermined the sovereignty of France. [24] His mother was Queen Joan III and Antoine de Bourbon the Duke of Vendome. In a macabre postscript, the head of Henry IV's embalmed body was reportedly lost after revolutionaries ransacked the Basilica in 1793. However, before the marriage could be solemnized the Queen of Navarre, Joan III, died on June 9, 1572. To strengthen the peace, marriage was arranged between Prince Henri III of Navarre and Margaret of Valois, the daughter of King Henri II of France. The Edict was a proclamation intended to impose peace between Protestants and Catholics in France after years of bloody war. However, they were defeated on March 30, 1569. He was brought back to Bearn when he turned 13. The couple had five children, out of which Henry III of Navarre was born second. The tension erupted into the full-scale killings of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre on August 24, 1572, and Henry escaped death with the help of his wife and his promise to convert to Catholicism. Henri IV of France: His Reign and Age by Vincent J. Pitts unfolds chronologically towards the assassination of Henri IV in 1610 to emphasise it as key moment in the development of the French monarchy, as well the reigns importance in the transition from the Valois to the Bourbon dynasty. Read 3 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. He was part of the Capetian dynasty and the first king of the Bourbon family in France. It was followed by massacre of several thousand Protestants, who came to Paris for the wedding. On April 13, 1598, Henry IV of France signed the Edict of Nantes. Noun 1. With his death, Henri III of Navarre became the ‘heir presumptive’ to the throne of France. Jul 27, 2015 - Explore Eric Curry's board "Henry IV of France", followed by 124 people on Pinterest. Henry IV was born in Pau.He was the son of Antoine de Bourbon and Jeanne of Navarre.He was baptised in a Catholic ceremony, but as he grew up, his mother led him to become a Protestant.On 18 August 1572, Henry married Margaret of Valois.She was the sister of Charles IX.He became the King of Navarre in the same year.. Henri III of Navarre went on another expedition in 1568; this time under the leadership of his brother in law Louis I de Bourbon, Prince de Condé. Prince Francis, Duke of Anjou and Alençon, the brother and heir to reigning king Henry III of France, died on June 10, 1584. The couple had six children, out of which Louis was the eldest. In1590, the king met Gabrielle d'Estrées and fell in love with her. His military education began around the same time. Henri’s father Antoine de Bourbon had already passed away in 1562. Although Henry was baptized a Catholic, he was raised a Protestant following the death of his father in 1562. He abdicated the throne in order to marry his lover, Wallis Simpson, thereafter taking the title Duke of Windsor. His descendants are varied and numerous. His predecessor, King Henry III belonged to the House of Valois. While in the service of Spain, the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan led the first European voyage of discovery to circumnavigate the globe. Henry IV of France (or Henri IV), also sometimes known by his epithet ‘Good King Henry’, was a pivotal political figure in late 16th century France. He also planned to turn Paris into a centre of art and education. The young Prince then had further military education under Gaspard de Coligny. Through his father’s side, he was a direct descendent of the thirteenth century king, Louis IX of France. However, that conclusion was cast into doubt a few years later, when DNA tests revealed the head had no royal genetic match. To improve the condition of his subjects he began to drain marshes and promote agriculture. However, the spread of civil war made him reflect on its disastrous effect on France. Since Antoine de Bourbon was a Catholic, Henry III was baptized as one. Henry IV (13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), Henri-Quatre, was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. An unwelcome heir to the throne, Henri ruled over a kingdom plagued by religious civil war and political and economic instability. Despite converting to Catholicism after becoming king of France in 1589, Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes to foster religious tolerance. He also became notorious for his sexual exploits, taking on many lovers and earning the nickname "Le Vert Gallant" (The Gay Old Spark). He was stabbed to death on Rue de la Ferronnerie when his carriage was halted by a road blockage. Christian Desplat states, "With Henry IV, the king of France was rebaptized as the first soldier of the realm; the function of monarchy had thus returned to its original purpose." Prior to that, he was known as Henry III of Navarre and ruled over the state from 1572 to 1610. Raised a Protestant, he converted to Catholicism in 1593 and was crowned king of France in the following year. The uprising occurred a decade following the death of Henry IV, a Huguenot before converting to Roman Catholicism, who had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. From 1561 to 1566 Henry III of Navarre spent a lot of time with his second cousins, the children of King Henry II of France. On leaving Paris the King revered back to the Protestant Church. He also encouraged the manufacture of luxury items such as silk, glassware and tapestries, which were earlier imported from abroad. He soon won the hearts of his subjects through many benevolent acts. Feb 25, 2013 Jan-Maat added it Shelves: 20th-century, france, early-modern-history, biographical. On July 25, 1593 he announced his intention and became acceptable to vast majority of his subjects. Yet, many nobles opposed his succession on the ground that Henry was a Protestant. Many of the nobles who sided with King Henry III of France deserted Navarre. Having united the kingdom and attained peace at home and abroad, Henry IV proceeded to bring prosperity back to France. In 1570, Henri III of Navarre was put in charge of the Huguenot army. © 2021 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. By that time, the conflict between the Protestants and the Catholics had started. Although the king was already married, the couple was openly affectionate to each other. He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac, a fanatical Catholic, and was succeeded by his son Louis … Henry IV’s ascendancy to the throne of France was mired with controversy. King Henry IV of France now had time to concentrate on restoring order and bringing prosperity to his new kingdom. In spite of his popularity several attempts on his life were made. On his mother’s death in 1572, Henri now ascended the throne of Navarre and began to be known as Henri III of Navarre and Sovereign Lord of Bearn. He next set his mind towards improving the financial condition of his government. However, the problem was solved by Gabriell’s death in 1599. However, King Henry III of France was assassinated on August 2 and with that King Henry III of Navarre became the titular head of France. The King of Navarre displayed extreme common sense and convinced his co-religionists to accept the Treaty of Bergerac on September 17, 1577. https://www.biography.com/royalty/henry-iv. His Father Solved It. French philosopher Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de la Brède et de Montesquieu, was a highly influential political thinker during the Age of Enlightenment. Henry IV of France, who ruled from 1589 till his death in 1610, was the first Bourbon monarch to sit on the throne of France. Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz was a 17th century nun, self-taught scholar and acclaimed writer of the Latin American colonial period and the Hispanic Baroque. Henry IV (13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), Henri-Quatre, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France. However, the League of Nobles was still very strong and aided by the King of Spain, they continued their rebellion. He converted to Catholicism, and after winning several key battles, Paris finally capitulated on March 22, 1594. The long campaign through ravaged area instilled in him a military spirit that would remain with him for the rest of his life. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France#/media/File:Henry_IV_en_Herculeus_terrassant_l_Hydre_de_Lerne_cad_La_ligue_Catholique_Atelier_Toussaint_Dubreuil_circa_1600.jpg, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France#/media/File:Henri-Pourbus.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_IV_of_france_by_pourbous_younger.jpg. He was succeeded by Queen Elizabeth II in 1952. Prior to that, he was known as Henry III of Navarre and ruled over the state from 1572 to 1610. In France, Henry IV, in an edict of 1609, forbade under pain of death the use of "the false and pernicious Indian drug". Known in the history as Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre, it spread to other parts of the country in no time. An arranged marriage to Margaret of Valois, daughter of Henry II and Catherine de' Medici, brought Parisian Catholics and visiting Huguenots together in an uneasy standoff. Following the death of his mother in June 1572, Henry became king of Navarre. Considered a usurper by Catholics and a traitor by Protestants, his charm and genuine care for the people's needs could not mollify his enemies. Blue-Wikipedia. We strive for accuracy and fairness. In the autumn of 1567, the queen launched an expedition against the rebellious Catholic gentry in South Navarre. Life. This made him the only surviving son of the reigning queen. Realizing the situation, King Henry III of France decided to make peace with King Henry III of Navarre. Henry IV of France, who ruled from 1589 till his death in 1610, was the first Bourbon monarch to sit on the throne of France. Baptised Catholic, he converted to Protestantism along with his mother Jeanne d'Albret, Queen of Navarre. He was married to Marie Antoinette and was executed for treason by guillotine in 1793. He was stabbed to death by a Catholic fanatic on May 14, 1610, and subsequently buried in the Basilica of Saint-Denis in Paris. He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. On October 20, 1587, Henry III of Navarre defeated the French army at the Battle of Coutras. Henry IV book. For such philandering, he was nicknamed ‘E Vert Galant’. On the military front, he fortified the country’s border and made the army stronger. (1553 1610) Henry IV was the first French monarch from the Bourbon dynasty. The war between the King and League dragged on for nine years. In 1562, the Massacre of Wassy, the event that started the French Religious … the son of Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme and Queen Jeanne III of Navarre. Although he won a few major wars, Paris remained under the control of the League. Although he wanted to annul his marriage with Margaret and marry Gabrielle but his councilors did not agree. The League of Nobles opposing King Henry III of Navarre then decided to seek the help of the Catholic King of Spain. It confirmed Roman Catholicism as the state religion and at the same time, it granted religious freedom to Protestants. King Henri III of Navarre escaped death narrowly; but had to promise to become a Catholic. The couple had six children, out of which Louis XIII, the successor to King Henry IV was the eldest. Henry the Navigator, a 15th century Portuguese prince, helped usher in both the Age of Discovery and the Atlantic slave trade. The head was passed among private collectors until it was tracked down in 2010 when a team of forensic medical examiners confirmed that it belonged to the former French king. Collège Prytanée Militaire de la Flèche was built in his time. At age 14, Prince Henry began his military service in an expedition against rebellious Roman Catholics in Navarre, which ended in a victory for the Huguenots. Desc: Henry IV, also known by the epithet Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. King Henry IV of France was born on December 13, 1553 to Queen Joan III of Navarre and Bearn and her consort King Antoine de Bourbon in Pau. He was often referred as ‘Good King Henry’ by his loyal subjects. Others proposed that the Salic law should be revoked. Let's check, How Rich is Henry IV of France in 2020-2021? It also effectively ended the War of Religion that had plagued France for a long time. Louis XVII was recognized by royalists as the King of France from 1793, when he was 8, until his death in 1795. See more ideas about france, french history, french royalty. Together they laid siege to Paris on July 30, 1589. ContentsBiographyAge, […] Before this he was King of Navarre, in South West France. Henry III was stabbed on August 1, 1589, and died the next day after declaring Henry of Navarre his successor. Eventually, Spanish interference with French succession prompted Henry III to join forces with Henry of Navarre to take control of Paris and the French countryside. His parents, who became king and queen of Navarre shortly after Henry was born, were of different faiths and exemplified the strife in France between the Huguenots (Protestants) and Catholics. Henry IV, King of France. Despite his accomplishments, Henry IV endured multiple assassination attempts. The Pope sided with them. In July 1593, Henri allowed himself to be converted to Catholicism in order to secure his throne and he was crowned as Henri IV of France at Chartres in February 1594. His army too was exhausted. On February 27, 1594 King Henry III of Navarre was crowned as King Henry IV of France at the Cathedral of Chartres. Gabrielle even accompanied the king on his war expeditions and took personal care of him. Therefore, in January, 1595, the new King declared war on them. Henry of Navarre was born in Pau, France, on December 13, 1553. In 1598 he established codified religious toleration through the Edict of Nantes. Choose your favorite henry iv of france designs and purchase them as wall art, home decor, phone cases, tote bags, and more! H.H. In 1599 the childless marriage between Henri and Margaret of Valois was annulled. https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/henry-iv-of-france-6801.php, Top NBA Players With No Championship Rings, Celebrities Who Look Beautiful Even Without Makeup, Famous Role Models You Would Like To Meet. To improve transportation, he many canals, bridges and highways built. He was killed on May 14, 1610, in Paris, France. The queen, who was a follower of John Calvin, began to bring him up as a Protestant. The League had also taken control of Paris. Holmes was the alias of one of America's first serial killers. He was opposed by the Holy League, made up of Catholic aristocrats, and Pope Clement VIII, who excommunicated the French heir from the church. An unwelcome heir to the throne, Henri ruled over a kingdom plagued by religious civil … During the 1893 Columbian Exposition, he lured victims into his elaborate 'Murder Castle.'. At the same time, he was a man of vision and courage. ... Start your review of Henry IV: King of France. Henry IV of France was the first Bourbon king of France. He now proceeded to bring order and prosperity back to France. George VI served as king of the United Kingdom during World War II and was an important symbolic leader. Formerly known as Henri of Navarre, he succeeded to the French throne with the extinction of House of Valois, at the death of Henry III of France. Henry IV became heir to the French throne through his marriage to Margaret of Valois but was challenged during a time of religious strife. This is a great book for a student coming to the topic for the first time. The King’s marriage to Margaret was annulled in the same year and in October 1600, the king married Marie d’ Medici. By June, 1595, he had defeated the remaining nobles and their Spanish allies at Fontaine-Française in Burgundy. Pope Clement reversed Henry's excommunication and Henry brokered the Peace of Vervins between France and Spain on May 2, 1598. However, it also curtailed his power of appointments to a large extent. Scroll below and check more details information about Current Net worth as well as Monthly/Year Salary, Expense, Income Reports! Consequently, Henry III was forced to recognize him as his successor. In 1572 Protestant Henry married his Catholic cousin Margaret of Valois to help solidify a peace between Catholic and Protestants during the French Wars of Religion. Peace was concluded in August, 1570. He lowered taxes on French citizens, made peace with the Ottoman Empire and opened up trade routes to East Asia. It soon became apparent that Henry IV should have a legitimate successor. Upon the death of François, Duke of Anjou, in 1584, Henry became heir to the throne of France. He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France. Henry III’ of Navarre’s elder brother Henry, Duke of Beaumont died at the age of two in 1553 and his younger brother Louis Charles, Count of Marle died in 1557. : Henry IV had united the kingdom and achieved peace at home and abroad. Shop for henry iv of france art from the world's greatest living artists. [23] Accepting the totality of his monarchical heritage, Henry as warrior became the embodiment of the state long before his grandson made the claim. By the end of the year, the civil war broke out once again. Henry IV was the King of France from 1589 to 1610 and is best known for ending the Wars of Religion that had dogged France for decades.. Childhood And Early Life. The conflict gave rise to ‘The War of Three Henries’. King Henry IV took few other mistresses and had children with them. The rapidity with which he restored order surprised his contemporaries, and the effect of his personal policy in that achievement cannot be ignored. He did not have any male successor and the Salic law did not allow women or their descendants to occupy the throne. 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